Smart home – the future is here

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Smart home – the future is here
Picture: Oleksandr Ilin | Dreamstime
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A couple of years ago, the Smart Home system was new and not available to all homeowners. For 2022, this technology is called publicly available. Every year, human life becomes comfortable due to technology. People get rid of the routine, shifting it to devices and appliances.

Smart home – a set of electronic parts that respond, control what is happening in the home, informing you about any things. He can contact any electronics and be aware of any incidents.

This is a program that makes doing household chores easier. It gives you the opportunity to once again relax and do what you love. The system will also help you save money.

Smart home features

  • Sense organs are sensors that are able to send a signal to the UNIT controller.
  • A smart home does not invent functions on its own. He performs the tasks set by man. By setting parameters, the system works to maintain them.
  • A smart home will make household easier and more comfortable. The challenge is to rationalize home appliances.
  • The system is represented by a single control center. The design consists of different sensors. Remote control is performed using a smartphone. If an intrusion, smoke, leakage is detected, the signal will be reflected in your phone. The information is saved on the server, so the owner can view the records remotely.
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The components are dozens of components, divided into three groups: controller, smart technology and sensors. Center – hub, or gateway. Sensors, buttons, cameras and home gadgets are connected to it.
The gateway connects to a server that stores device metrics and runs scripts.

Servers: local and cloud

Local ones are installed on a PC, but function without the Internet. There are hubs that support local solutions of several types, which allows you to combine system components from different manufacturers.
Cloud services make it easy to connect, but require network power.

Prostockstudio | Dreamstime

The basis of the operation of the system is in the device of the operating program. It connects to the network, which contributes not only to the implementation of integrated management of the house, but also to the complete control of all engineering processes that exist in the home.

Who appreciates the maximum level of comfort will also appreciate the possibilities of a smart home:

  • will satisfy the wishes of the tenants;
  • maintains appliances;
  • facilitates the use of household appliances;
  • controls the flow of light, keeps track of time;
  • maintains a certain temperature and humidity;
  • controls heating devices;
  • guards the house;
  • prevents leaks in engineering systems;
  • automatically opens/closes gates, shutters and more;
  • connects to mobile devices.
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Such schematization benefits the elderly and people with disabilities. Law enforcement agencies say that country houses equipped with a smart home do not fall into reports of robberies.

Weaknesses:

  • Costs for the installation of equipment and for installation work, service maintenance. Pay attention to the need for a thorough analysis of customer reviews.
  • Assembly and installation of partings, sensors, sensors, wires. It will require a major overhaul of the house, but you can benefit from this.
  • Calculate the cost of a power supply of a certain capacity.
  • The source can withstand the load of the connected equipment. Usually, a room is provided for such functions in advance.
  • Connecting equipment and devices from different manufacturers. In the event of a breakdown, the system is very difficult to recover.
  • Technology can wear out quickly, while electronics can improve quickly.
  • Excessive overheating of devices can permanently destroy a smart home.

The difference between a wireless system and a wired system

The system, which requires wiring, has a high degree of reliability and convenience. Materials can be transmitted over any distance at high speed. There is feedback and high resistance to obstacles. The disadvantage is the complexity of the installation.

The wireless system is much easier to install and more mobile. But there are many more uses. The complete absence of feedback and the limitation of the range of action affects the need to install several transmitters that can overcome interference.

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Wireless systems are easily hacked and can cause irreparable damage to a home’s security program. They take energy from a battery that lasts one and a half to two years.

Smart home properties

Connecting the system in the house requires expensive professional equipment and calling a specialist.

There are a number of criteria

  • Some appliances require a wired connection. To power them and include them in the circuit, you first need to make a suitable electrician.
  • Used modules only interface with each other. In other words, the kit must be purchased from the manufacturer and have one series. To combine into one network, you need a corresponding program, which exists only on a paid basis.
Vladimir Stanišić | Dreamstime

Practical devices with a different system

  • All modules are wireless capable. Only some require power from a conventional outlet. This makes it possible to install appliances and not spoil the new repair.
  • The software of each device is highly consumed and installed in public repositories or stores. It is distributed free of charge.
  • A secure and easy-to-use interface accessible to every user makes it easy to set up smart home systems.

Components of the Smart Home system

  • Controller (hub, gateway). The device that is the main center. The hub consists of electronic components that allow you to program the system to receive signals, process them and use various parts of the program. The advantage of many smart home devices is the connection to the network via 220V. Manufacturers make a plug in the case, on which the device is able to stay in the outlet.
  • Sensors (sensors). These elements are needed to collect information about the state of the premises.
  • Actuators (executors) are special devices that accept tasks from the controller. When they receive assigned tasks, they perform different actions.

Actuator Representatives

  • Relay. A group of devices needed to connect a circuit and supply power to certain appliances, consumer electronics, and other machinery. Relays are connected to a 220 V network.
  • Sockets. They differ from the sockets used. Able to supply power in connection with the system installed by the owner.
  • Switches. Devices that control lighting and other smart home activities. Most elements support communication via Wi-Fi, Zigbee and other channels.
  • Electromechanical propulsion. Devices responsible for moving mechanisms in space.
  • Light bulbs and lamps. Devices capable of transmitting information, turn on lighting in accordance with the schedule. It is entered in the controller or takes into account the readings of light or motion sensors.

Mechanized script matching

  • A signal is transmitted through the sensors to the controller. It then translates the received information with the appropriate program. Gives a command to devices that are responsible for these functions.
  • Control devices. A kind of system status report. Also, the owner can reset some programs.
  • Recording equipment. A device responsible for collecting information about what is happening in the room. The more such sensors are present, the more detailed the situation is considered. You can influence the settings and devices in the rooms.
  • Motion sensor. Able to track the presence or absence of a person in the room. This information gives you confidence in the safety of your home and is necessary to create a certain microclimate.
  • Temperature sensor. A device that is able to monitor the temperature and set the necessary indicators in accordance with your requirements.
  • Air humidity sensor. Supports dry or humid air.
  • Light level sensor. Connected photocells monitor the amount of light entering the room and activate artificial lighting if necessary.
  • Door opening sensor. The system is used for the safety of residents and valuables in the house.
  • Water leakage sensor. The sensor monitors the flow of water, and in the event of a leak, turns on the siren, notifies and shuts off the water.
  • Video camera. A device that transmits information about what is happening in the house. All material is recorded on a memory card or cloud storage.
  • Smoke and gas detectors. They monitor the gas supply and the presence of smoke in the room, thereby preventing malfunctions that will lead to negative consequences. Gas leakage sensors are installed in private homes.
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Self-assembly of a smart home

Controller definition

There are many smart home systems available to the public that vary in price, device ecosystem, and other scalability. These are the parameters that you should pay attention to first.
A well-reputed system with reasonable pricing, a large list of supported devices, and broad pools.

Andrew Angelov | Dreamstime

Sensor set selection

To activate artificial intelligence in your home, you need sensors, lamps, sockets, etc. Start with the basic components:

  • gateway;
  • set of sensors;
  • a set of actuators;
  • control application installed on the tracker.

This method is cost-effective and is available from most manufacturers.

Installing and connecting components

The devices work via wireless contacts, therefore, they do not have problems in installation.

Most of the elements work without being connected to the mains and are powered by lithium batteries. Some parts are attached with double-sided tape, heavy devices remain in the outlet or are mounted on the walls.

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This process takes a couple of minutes. The main thing is to follow the order of actions. Sometimes it is necessary to scan QR codes before connecting devices.

Program settings

It is generally accepted that the setup system takes place through a mobile application downloaded via a QR code. To connect the hub and other devices, follow the tips. Hold the key on the device and mark the application from the list. Once the connection is made, select the network and indicate the location of the device in the house.

Create a work plan

To make the system smart, set up a work plan that will run when needed. Principle: if (condition) then (action).

Conclusion

Improvement in technology allows the use of a smart home system in many types of housing. It functions in all conditions.

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